Physics in Volleyball Essay examples -- physics sport sports volleybal

Physics is used in almost everything we do end-to-end our everyday lives. Sports are almost entirely composed of the physics of the human body in order accomplish the performed action. volleyball game is a sport which has physics at the heart of the game, understanding the physics of the game actually allows a player to improve and become more efficient and effective in his or her game. This essay gives insight into how the rules of physics can be used and are essential in the game of volleyball in all aspects of the game including serving, passing, setting, hitting, and blocking. Volleyball is a game of constant projectile motion with various types of contacts involved in each aspect of the game. In volleyball when serving one moldiness stand behind the end line, which is 30 feet from the net. The net measures 90 inches, or 96 inches for men, from the ground. The goal is to get the ball across the net with as olive-sized time as possible so that the other team has less time to r eact and handle the ball. Traditionally serving has been done from the floor where the legion has to create a parabolic motion direction for the ball to travel so that it will clear the net and then land within the boundaries of the court.In modern volleyball the game has progressed to more of a vertical game, with jump serving. The advantages that jump serving gives have to do with the physics of projectile motion. The angle in which the servers initial velocity has to start from is smaller, because as the height increases the slope of the parabola in the motion of the ball decreases. As the height of contact increases the path that the ball follows becomes line like as it crosses the net and if the contact height is high enough and the ball is contacted correctly... ...ember 2004Zobel, Edward A. Projectile Motion, General Solution 2001. 23 November 2004. . occidental Washington University.Projectile Motion .22Novemeber 2004 Bixby, Sarah.University of Alaska Southeast.The Physics of Volleyball 2004. 23 November 2004Anon. Science 306(5693) 42-42. Engineering of Sport- In Volleyball, Crafty Players Serve Up an Aerodynamic crisis. 2004. 23 November 2004.

Billy Budd Essay: Comparing Christ to Billy -- Billy Budd Essays

Comparing Christ to Billy of Billy Budd I stand for the warmth. To the dogs with the head wrote Herman Melville in his June 1851 letter to Nathaniel Hawthorne (Davis and Gilman 3). Yet, by the measure he began writing Billy Budd, Sailor in 1888, Melville must have tempered this view, for Billy Budd depicts the inevitable destruction of a man who is all heart but who utterly lacks insight. Melville no doubt intends for his reader to connect this tale with the gospel of Jesus Christ. Billy Budd endures a persecution similar to Christs he is executed for akin reasons, and he eventually ascends, taking the full rose of the dawn (BB 376). Yet, in creating Billy Budd, Melville forms a character who is but a half-Christ, more like the peasant than the Man. Indeed, a number of characteristics and circumstances sharply distinguish Billy Budd from the complete Christ. These differences ultimately work to support Melvilles (now refined) philosophy that innocence, unaccompanied by wisdom, must unavoidably meet with destruction and that only when a man balances the spontaneous impulses of his heart against the experiential wisdom of his head (Howard 328) can he prevail in a fallen world. Critics frequently connect Billy Budd with the Christ Child. Richard Chase, for instance, writes that Billy Budd is the realization of Melvilles fresh commitment to the infantile Christ (267), and Milton Stern claims that Billys behavior represents an ideal Christliness because he accepts everything with animal insightlessness and the childlike faith of innocence (216). Christ taught that to enter heaven, one must become like a little child (Matt. 182-3). Many have inferred from this that, from a Christian perspective, ... ...W.H. Gilman, eds. The Letters of Herman Melville. cutting Haven Yale UP, 1960. Online. Internet. 29 July 1998. Available HTTP www.melville.org Howard, Leon. Herman Melville A Biography. Berkley U of California P, 1951. Melville, Herman. Billy Budd, Sailor and Other Stories. Ed. Frederick Busch. New York Penguin, 1986. - - -. Moby Dick. Ed. Charles Child Walcutt. New York Bantam, 1981. Richards, Lawrence O. The Bible Readers Companion. Wheaton SP Publications, Inc., 1991. Sten, Christopher W. Veres Use of the Forms Means and Ends in Billy Budd. On Melville The Best from American Literature. Ed. Louis J. Budd and Edwin H. Cady. Durham Duke UP, 1988. 188-202. Stern, Milton R. The Fine Hammered Steel of Herman Melville. Urbana U of Illinois P, 1968. The Holy Bible, New fagot James Version. Dallas Thomas Nelson, Inc., 1979.

M9 Service Pistol - United States Marine Corps :: essays research papers

DETAILED OUTLINEM-9 SERVICE PISTOLINTRODUCTION                                     (2 MIN)1. GAIN ATTENTION Video(SAVING PRIVATE RYAN) fail of an M9.2. OVERVIEW The purpose of this period of learning is to familiarize you with the M9 service pistol, misfire procedures, and what may cause a misfire. This period of charge is in direct relation to corpsMarine Corps Weaponry.3.     INTRODUCE tuition OBJECTIVESa. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVE Without the aid of acknowledgement, demonstrate the four steps in clarification a misfire and describe some ways a misfire may occur in accordance with MCI 21.35 of the MARINE CORPS INSTITUTE, (INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF THE M9 SERVICE PISTOL). (CPLX1)b.      ENABLING LEARNING OBJECTIVES Without the aid of notes and in accordance with the reference MCI 21.35(1) &nbs p   List some ways a misfire may be prevented. (CPLX1.1a)(2)     Explain the four steps in attempting to clear a misfire. (CPLX1.1b)4.     METHOD / MEDIA I will present this material using the lecture method with the aid of placards and an actual M9.5.     EVALUTAION There will not be a post tryout after this period of instruction.TRANSITION Since there are no questions on the learning objectives, the method I will use to present this period of instruction or the way in which you will be evaluated, lets take a look at prevention of a misfire with the M9 and clearing procedures.BODY                                               (5 Min)1.     ONE FACTOR WITH THE MAGAZINE THAT MAY CAUSE A STOPPAGE OF AN M9.a. (On pec ker 1 TIGHT LIPS ON THE MAGAZINE CLIP.) If a resolution occurs do to jamming against the ramp of the clip, it is an indication that the magazine lips are too tight, and prevent the bullet nose from tilting up and chambering in the barrel of the weapon. This can be prevented by inspecting your M9 and it components religiously, and alerting your company armor of any discrepancies. (OFF PLACARD1)TRANSITION We now know one factor that may cause a misfire with the magazine clip, what to look for to help prevent one from occurring, and how to resolve any discrepancies with your M9 or any of its components. Now lets take a look at some other factor with the magazine that may cause your weapon to perform a stoppage.2.     A SECOND FACTOR WITH THE MAGAZINE THAT MAY CAUSE A STOPAGE WITH AN M9.a.      (On Placard 2 LOOSE MAGAZINE LIPS).If a double feed occurs,(two rounds chambering at the same time), the problem is with the magazine. The lips are spr ead to far apart allowing a punt round to jump out of the clip as the first is being stripped.

Black holes :: essays research papers

black hole,in astronomy, celestial object of such(prenominal) extremely intense gravity that it attracts everything near it and in some instances pr takingss everything, including light, from escaping. The term was first used in reference to a dealer in the last phases of gravitational collapse (the last-place stage in the life history of certain lead storys see stellar evolution), by the American physicist John A. Wheeler. Gravitational collapse begins when a star has depleted its steady sources of thermonuclear energy and can no longer produce the expansive force, a result of normal gas pressure, that supports the star against the compressive force of its own gravitation. As the star shrinks in coat (and increases in density), it may assume one of several forms depending upon its mass. A less massive star may become a whiteness dwarf, while a more massive one would become a supernova. If the mass is less than three times that of the sun, it will form a neutron star. However, if the final mass of the remaining stellar core is more than three solar masses, as shown by the American physicists J. Robert Oppenheimer and Hartland S. Snyder in 1939, nothing remains to prevent the star from collapsing without limit to an indefinitely small size and infinitely large density, a point called the "singularity.At the point of singularity the effects of Einsteins general theory of theory of relativity become paramount. According to this theory, space becomes curved in the vicinity of matter the greater the concentration of matter, the greater the curvature. When the star (or supernova remnant) shrinks below a certain size determined by its mass, the extreme curvature of space seals off contact with the outside world. The place beyond which no radiation can escape is called the event horizon, and its radius is called the Schwarzschild radius after the German astronomer Karl Schwarzschild, who in 1916 postulated the existence of collapsed celestial objects that em it no radiation. For a star with a mass bear on to that of the sun, this limit is a radius of only 0.9 mi (1.5 km). Even light cannot escape the black hole but is turned back by the vast pull of gravitation.It is now believed that the origin of some black holes is nonstellar. Some astrophysicists suggest that immense volumes of interstellar matter can collect and collapse into supermassive black holes, such as are found at the center of some galaxies.

The Scaffolds Power in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Scaffolds Power in The Scarlet Letter        Recurring results extract great significance and elucidate the truth beneath appearances.  In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne chooses the scaffold scenes to show powerful differences and similarities.  Each scaffold scene foreshadows the next and brings greater understanding of the novel.  By beginning with the first, continuing with the middle, and ending with the last platform scene, we can gain a better understanding of this masterpiece.          At the beginning of the book, Hester is brought kayoed with Pearl to stand on the scaffold.  Here the reddened letter is revealed to all.  Reverend Dimmesdale, Pearls Father, is already raised up on a platform to the same extremum as Hester and Pearl and Roger Chillingworth, Hesters lost husband, arrives, stands below and questions the proceedings.  As Hester endures her suffering, Dimmesdale is tol d to beseech the woman to confess.  It was said So powerful seemed the ministers appeal that the people could not believe simply that Hester Prynne would speak out  the guilty name.  His powerful speech shows Dimmesdales need to confess.  This scene sets the stage for the next two scenes.          A few years later the event is again repeated.  It is very similar to the other and helps us understand the torment of Dimmesdale. As before the tortured Reverend Dimmesdale goes first on to the platform.  He seeks a confession of his sins a second time by calling out into the night.  He then sees Hester and Pearl coming down the street from the governors house.  As before, they atomic number 18 asked to go up on the scaffold and be with the minister.  At this time Pearl questions the minister if he will do this at noontide and he answers no.  He once again is too much of a coward to confess out in the open. The si milarities continue with a revelation of another scarlet letter.  Up in the sky a scarlet A shines forth.  Roger Chillingworth arrives and tells the minister to get down from the scaffold.  Chillingworth pleads for this so that he can still torment the reverend.  As the two men leave, the scene ends and leaves us with additional information.  It foreshadows a bigger and more

The Scaffolds Power in Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Scaffolds Power in The Scarlet Letter        Recurring events show great significance and elucidate the rightfulness beneath appearances.  In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel Hawthorne chooses the scaffold scenes to show healthy differences and similarities.  Each scaffold scene foreshadows the next and brings greater understanding of the novel.  By beginning with the first, keep with the middle, and ending with the last platform scene, we can gain a better understanding of this masterpiece.          At the beginning of the book, Hester is brought out with Pearl to stand on the scaffold.  hither the scarlet letter is revealed to all.  Reverend Dimmesdale, Pearls Father, is already raised up on a platform to the same height as Hester and Pearl and Roger Chillingworth, Hesters lost husband, arrives, stands down the stairs and questions the proceedings.  As Hester endures her suffering, Dimmesdale is to ld to beseech the woman to confess.  It was said So powerful seemed the ministers appeal that the people could not believe but that Hester Prynne would speak out  the guilty name.  His powerful speech shows Dimmesdales need to confess.  This scene sets the stage for the next two scenes.          A few years later the event is over again repeated.  It is very similar to the new(prenominal) and helps us understand the torment of Dimmesdale. As before the tortured Reverend Dimmesdale goes first on to the platform.  He seeks a confession of his sins a second snip by calling out into the night.  He then sees Hester and Pearl coming down the street from the governors house.  As before, they are asked to go up on the scaffold and be with the minister.  At this time Pearl questions the minister if he will do this at noontide and he answers no.  He once again is too much of a coward to confess out in the open. The s imilarities continue with a revelation of another scarlet letter.  Up in the sky a scarlet A shines forth.  Roger Chillingworth arrives and tells the minister to get down from the scaffold.  Chillingworth pleads for this so that he can still torment the reverend.  As the two men leave, the scene ends and leaves us with additional information.  It foreshadows a bigger and more

Decision Making at the Top: The All Star Essay

Sunru Yong prep ard this case solely as a basis for class word and not as an endorsement, a source of primary data, or an illustration of effective or ineffective management. This case, though based on real events, is fictionalized, and both resemblance to actual persons or entities is coincidental. There are occasional references to actual companies in the narration. Copy function 2008 President and Fellows of Harvard College. To order copies or request permission to create materials, c all 1-800-545-7685, write Harvard dividing line Publishing, Boston, MA 02163, or go to http//www.hbsp.harvard.edu. This publication may not be digitized, photocopied, or otherwise reproduced, posted, or transmitted, without the permission of Harvard Business School.M I C H A E L B E E RS U N R U Y O N GTerraCog Global Positioning Systems Conflict and Communication on Project AerialEmma Richardson squinted at the TerraCog GPS (Global Positioning System) trope in her hand. She zoomed in until the display showed a unknoter satellite photo of the lake 200 feet in front of her and into which her Labrador had already happily bounded. Most weekends, Richardson made the hike to the lake to clear her mind and, on occasion, to test young GPS models from her employer, TerraCog, Inc. Unfortunately, with the Project Aerial launch wreaking scheduled for the coterminous day, it was difficult to enjoy this particular hike. Emma wondered how to get all parties to reach an agreement on the price point for Aerial. TerraCog had started losing share to a competitor, Posthaste, and it was imperative to get the new harvest-feast to market.Arriving at the lake, Richardson gave in to the urge to square off her phone and grimaced as she noticed two new voicemails. The first heart was from AllenRoth, the director of construct & development (see Exhibits 1 and 2 for an organizational chart and shortened biographies of key managers)Emma, its Allen. Listen, Tony and I concur been over these salute good turns on Aerial. We cut all that we could and we ended up with only a 7% or 8% reduction to cost. Unfortunately, I put one acrosst think this forget get us to the price point that sales is looking for. save I dont need to remind you that we gave gross sales the features and functionality they wanted in Aerial, so Im not going back presently to ask my team to do the impossible. Well hash it out tomorrow, but I figured it best you hear it from me.The second message was from her boss, Richard Fiero, the company presidentEmma, I wanted to check on Aerial. I heard grumbling from Ed and the sales team on Friday. They seemed frustrated with Tony stark(a)s output signal team. mention sure Production has its act together. Tony should know hes on thin ice after the recent produceion fiasco on that asdic project-hes got to succeed on Aerial. We need to redeem Aerial on shelves at the start of Q3. Some board members are worried, so Aerial will be near the top of the a genda at the board meeting adjoining month.2184 A P R I L 1 1 , 2 0 0 8For the exclusive use of B. ShiThis document is definitive for use only by Bixi Shi in Organizational Behavior- Fall 2014 taught by Elaine Wong University of California Riverside from October 2014 to celestial latitude 2014.2184 TerraCog Global Positioning Systems Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial2 BRIEFCASES HARVARD personal line of credit SCHOOLNeither message was encouraging. The Aerial meeting the next day, involvingthe sales, design & development, and production departments, was now guaranteed to be contentious.It was demonstrate 2008-only two months since Richardson had been promoted to executive vice president. Fiero had tasked her with moving TerraCog toward greater operational concretion and increasing cross-departmental cooperation. Richardson had already been tested by both inventory problems and quality issues, which had led to significant tension between the U.S. headquarters in Ch icago and the production team in Shenzhen, China. Now, disagreement over the proposed price point for Aerial threatened to derail the launch of the prototype in her hand.Company and Industry taradiddleTerraCog was a privately held company specializing in high-quality Global Positioning System (GPS) and fishing sonar equipment. Founded in 1977, TerraCog got its start manufacturing high-end sonar equipment for serious sport fishermen and boaters. In the late 1990s, the company had introduced its first GPS products, marketed specifically to hunters, hikers, and campers.Management believed that it was the companys skill at translating retailer and user feedback into exceptional product design and functionality that provide the growth of its GPS business. Through attentive channel management and, as Fiero put it, a deep understanding of what specialty retailers inevitable, TerraCog had developed strong relationships with its key accounts. Fiero in like manner believed that TerraCogs grasp of its consumers preferences and usage had given it an edge over GPS manufacturers whose core business was in automotive applications.The firm had built its GPS line for the serious outside enthusiasts market, and the products had won plaudits for durability and value-added features like the integrated compass and barometric altimeter. Moreover, industry reports indicated that the TerraCog GPS outperformed competing products on navigation. TerraCogs proprietary firmware-a custom computer program plant into hardware that ran functions-optimized the GPS chipsets Wide Area Augmentation Systemcapability, which provided more precise navigation.The company was not always first to market. In fact, TerraCog had found it was free to shut up in technological innovation with little risk because, when the company finally introduced new products, they surpassed those of competitors in addressing customer needs. Customer word-of-mouth recommendations had given TerraCog strong momentum w ith its handheld GPS. In early 2007, TerraCog prepared to enter new, underserved GPS sub-markets, including cycling and fitness applications.Google Earth for your GPSAt the Summer 2006 Outdoor Retailer Show-the biggest share show for vendors of outdoor(a) goods-a competitor, Posthaste, had unveiled a GPS prototype called BirdsI that displayed satellite imagery. The imagery was not live, but rather static satellite photographs that had been stitched into a single view. This was a tag improvement on the simple, vector-based graphics used by the tranquility of the industry (see Exhibit 3 for a comparison). This did not impress the TerraCog team. The imagery was crisp and had a certain visual appeal, but TerraCogs research showed that BirdsI technology did not abide substantive performance improvement over the standard maps in TerraCogs GPS system. Furthermore, the TerraCog team was convinced that Posthastes receiver lagged TerraCogs product in both accuracy and reception quality.W hile the TerraCog team dismissed the Posthaste concept, a number of key buyers and product reviewers found it an exciting innovation. One magazine reviewer observed, Imagine havingFor the exclusive use of B. ShiThis document is authorized for use only by Bixi Shi in Organizational Behavior- Fall 2014 taught by Elaine Wong University of California Riverside from October 2014 to December 2014.TerraCog Global Positioning Systems Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial 2184HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL BRIEFCASES 3Google Earth built into your GPS-its much more compelling to look at an actual satellite image than to have yellowness for land, blue blobs for water, and grey squiggles for roads. Based on the buzz, TerraCogs executives debated whether to upgrade to satellite imagery. However, they realized that adding the feature to the existing GPS platform required upgrades to processor tempo on it and memory, as well as new firmware. After some deliberation, the company dropped the i dea as a non-essential fad. TerraCogs management remained confident that the companys core customers were discerning purchasers who would value durability and performance over dressed-up graphics.In October 2006, with much fanfare, Posthaste introduced BirdsI as the only handheld GPS with satellite imagery. BirdsI had an exclusive launch at two major national outdoor retailers, both of which were key accounts for TerraCog. Within two months, TerraCogs sales representatives in the field reported impressive sell-through grade for BirdsI nationwide. While the products success surprised TerraCog, management attributed it to the ebullience of the holiday shopping season. The TerraCog team was confident that the popularity of BirdsI wouldnt last.Project AerialHowever, by spring 2007 TerraCogs sales reps were noticing increasing customer demand for a GPS with satellite imagery like BirdsI. Ed Pryor, vice-president of sales, began pressing for a reversal of the termination not to develop the product. Its embarrassing to have no answers for our retailers when they ask for our version of this, he said. Look at it from our perspective. Weve changed the compensation plan for the whole Sales team-including me-so we take a real hit if we dont reach our sales targets.Customers now want something different, and I cant tell my reps we have noplans to develop the product they need to hit those targets. In response to these repeated requests, TerraCogs president, Richard Fiero, changed his mind on satellite imagery, if only to satisfy the thingummy appeal of such an innovation. The initiative was dubbed Project Aerial. In order to speed development and avoid the costs of new moldings and major reconfiguration, the team decided to plan within the existing GPS platform.Shortly after making the decision to proceed with Aerial, Fiero and Pryor met with Allen Roth, director of design & development. Roth brought his key managers to the meeting Cory Wu, who oversaw software and fir mware, and Alice Gorga, who managed hardware design.RICHARD FIERO Allen, were apparently in a hurry to get to market. But we dont want something slapped together lets make sure we get this product completely right the first time. Our reputation for quality is paramount.ALLEN ROTH Understood. Are we including all the similar features that we have in our current GPS line?ED PRYOR Yes. We plan to offer Aerial at approximately a $50 retail premium to the current top- of-the-line GPS, so its important to maintain the same high-end functionality.ALLEN ROTH What about speed? Satellite imagery requires a lot of processing power, so without some serious juicing, Aerial big businessman run slower than youd like.ED PRYOR I think well be okay there, Allen. Our consumers are tech-savvy-they know theres an inherent trade-off to get more sophisticated graphics.As the meeting ended, Roth indicated that they would have to do some careful planning to keep costs as low as possible, but he was sure the product design could be completed by years end. At that point, they could hand it off to production to develop detailed cost estimates, which would allow thesales team, in audience with finance, to determine price and develop a go-to-market plan.For the exclusive use of B. ShiThis document is authorized for use only by Bixi Shi in Organizational Behavior- Fall 2014 taught by Elaine Wong University of California Riverside from October 2014 to December 2014.2184 TerraCog Global Positioning Systems Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial4 BRIEFCASES HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL devoted the manufacturing lead-time, TerraCog pass judgment to get Aerial to stores by the 2008 holiday season (see Exhibit 4 for timeline of events).The product development team members did not greet the Aerial decision with enthusiasm. First, they matte that a redesign of the total platform-including firmware, external case, internal components, and TFT (thin-film transistor) display-was feasible if management could extend time to market by six more months the resulting product would be superior and the project would be more stimulating technically to the team members. Second, they had several other ideas for new products that they believed would position TerraCog to capitalize on growth in cycling and fitness GPS applications, and Project Aerial was forcing them to put aside these more exciting projects. Finally, with company co-founder Harold Whistler preparing for retirement, Roth was eager to prove his readiness to be the next VP of design & development. The Aerial project impeded his building of a product line he could truly call his own.Aerial Pre-Launch MeetingAs promised, the design team completed Aerial by the end of 2007. Late in January 2008, the production team received the design specifications itneeded to establish production methods, head a pilot run, and estimate costs. As the new executive vice president, Emma Richardson was tasked with overseeing the product launch. She scheduled a launch meeting in early March with sales, production, and design & development.In the agone, Fiero and Whistler had been very involved in new products and tended to make quick decisions. TerraCogs growth forced Fiero to take a step back from the launch process, while Whistler had cut back to part-time hours. There were many more employees involved in Aerial than in past product launches, and Richardson worried that the size of the group might threaten the focus and thwart decision making. She needed to finalize decisions on costs, pricing, and initial production volume.At the start of the pre-launch meeting on March 7, Richardson looked down the table, seeing Ed Pryor, Allen Roth, production director Tony Barren, Cory Wu representing software and firmware, and Alice Gorga representing hardware. Richardson opened the meeting by asking Barren to present his cost estimates. Barren looked rough grimly and did not mince words This things expensive to build. It l ooks the same, but Aerials got higher-end components and its more complex to manufacture. He gave a high-level overview of product-cost breakdown and concluded by saying, Ill be blunt. Youre going to have to sell this product for a lot more than you thought. If anything, we have been too aggressive in our cost estimate. We cant lower it beyond what Ive presented.ED PRYOR I know you think your estimates are sound, but that isnt going to help us. With these numbers, we would have to sell Aerial for $550 to maintain our security deposit. Wed be two historic period late to market with a price point $100 over BirdsI.CORY WU Tony, those cost estimates are surprisingly high. We tweaked the firmware without overhauling it, so its basically the same components. It doesnt seem adeptified that the costs should come out as you say.ALICE GORGA Im not sure, Cory. Those costs look realistic, given how myteam upgraded the hardware. Sales probably just needs to reconsider how to position this thi ng. I think ED PRYOR Wait, are we here to talk about positioning or pricing? Fiero and I already figured out how well position the product, so lets just get the pricing straightened out.For the exclusive use of B. ShiThis document is authorized for use only by Bixi Shi in Organizational Behavior- Fall 2014 taught by Elaine Wong University of California Riverside from October 2014 to December 2014.TerraCog Global Positioning Systems Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial 2184HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL BRIEFCASES 5TONY BARREN Well, we dont perform miracles. The cost wont change, and Im not going to cut corners in production. I had my head handed to me the last time we had quality issues.ED PRYOR Allen, your designers must be able to tweak something, right? Hate to say it, but maybe you guys need to go back to the drawing board and figure out how to solve this problem.ALLEN ROTH Ed, were well into a couple of other projects now. Frankly, I dont think this is Sales call to make. W e already put other projects on hold for Aerial, and weve given you what you requested.The discussion continued, but it became clear the group was at an impasse. Richardson suggested ending the meeting Why dont we wrap it up for now and meet again next week? In the meantime Tony and the Design team should look for opportunities to cut these costs.As the meeting adjourned, Pryor announced to the manner, If we cant lower these costs and fetter the finances on Aerial, I cant sell it. I wont try.Resumption of Aerial Pre-Launch Meeting One Week later onRoth and Barren had spent much of the intervening week reviewing the cost estimates. When the team re-gathered on March 14, the participants seated themselves around the conference table (see Exhibit 5 for a seating chart). Becky Timmons, the CFO, was in attendance. At the last minute, Harold Whistler also decided to join the meeting.As Emma Richardson passed out copies of the new cost estimates, she explained that Roth and Barren had hold to make minor changes to the Aerial prototype, and that they now felt it could be produced for approximately 8% less than the prior weeks estimate. On this basis, the Aerial could be priced at $475, about $100 more than the current full-featured TerraCog GPS.A long silence followed, then Cory Wu spoke up. Eight percent-thats all? I dont understand it. Id like to know where the differences lie between our costs and PostHastes on BirdsI. Theres got to be room for more cuts.Barren snorted derisively. You cant wish away the costs, he said. Weve cut what we can. Last time we got pressured into being too aggressive on cost estimates and then we got burned when the price of plastic went through the roof. Im not making that mistake again.Allen Roth concurred, pointing to the drivers of the cost increase Incorporating the satellite imagery requires tail fin times as much memory as our standard graphics. That increases cost-but if you cut it, you undermine Aerials value proposition. The n we also did some reconfiguration internally, and that increases the confinement required to put one of these together. He paused, surveying the frustrated faces around him. I dont like the situation any more than the rest of you do, but weve got to be realistic. Look at the numbers in front of you-theres nothing we can do to further reduce costs.As everyone scrutinized the new cost estimates, the meeting broke into several conversations. Ed Pryor and Richardson huddled together, while Allen Roth and Tony Barren carried on a conversation with Harold Whistler. After several minutes, Richardson realized she needed to get the discussion back on track. She addressed the entire group, saying, We have the estimates, so we just have to set a price that makes sense for the company. What do you think, Ed?ED PRYOR We have to consider the selling price of the Aerial relative to competition. Posthaste is selling at around $250 to dealers, which means they retail for around $400. Garmin just a nnouncedFor the exclusive use of B. ShiThis document is authorized for use only by Bixi Shi in Organizational Behavior- Fall 2014 taught by Elaine Wong University of California Riverside from October 2014 to December 2014.2184 TerraCog Global Positioning Systems Conflict and Communication on Project Aerial6 BRIEFCASES HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOLtheir satellite-image version, which will hit shelves at somewhere around $395 MSRP. You all are talking about $475 retail, and thats too high. We have to be in the ball park with our list price or well be shut out of the game.EMMA RICHARDSON What should list price be?ED PRYOR $425 tops-but we should be lower than that if we are going to be aggressive at recapturing lost share. permits not kid ourselves. The way were trending, same-store sales will be down 10% this year. And this is with the GPS handheld market growing.HAROLD WHISTLER What if we relax our margin requirements for once?BECKY TIMMONS Absolutely not. Were cutting it close already .HAROLD WHISTLER Okay, then how about a redesign? Lets go to market with what we have, and Ill have my team take another look at possible changes that we can incorporate later.ALLEN ROTH Im afraid thats wishful thinking, Harold. Given the product requirements the sales team called for, the cost is as low as it will get.CORY WU I dont know about that. The changes we made to meet sales requirements were not enormous. Why would they contribute to such a large increase in projected labor costs?TONY BARREN Cory, you and Harold can run the numbers for yourself. Then youll see that these high costs are real.BECKY TIMMONS Id still feel more comfortable if we could price it at $ d retail. With fuel costs still rising, the cost to get these here from Shenzhen will only increase, and we run the risk of our margins really getting squeezed.ED PRYOR Becky, you dont understand how competitive this market is Even at $475, why would anyone give us shelf space? We are late to market and wed be pricin g at a substantial premium. And is the product superior enough to justify that premium? Ive been trying out our prototypes and Im concerned about the speed. The update speed is terrible, and switching between functions is just ALLEN ROTH Come on, dont start talking speed now. We were clear from the start that we would trade some speed to get new functionality and features.ED PRYOR Well, my sales managers are going to be fuming. Fiero told themAerial would be available at $400, and now you are talking about a minimum of $75 more than that. I still want to see Cory or Harold take a crack at reducing unit cost.Emma Richardson took a deep breath. The company needed a go/no-go decision on the existing Aerial, and whether to do so at a competitive price in the hope that costs might be cut in the future, or at a high price. She wondered fleetingly what the consequences might be if the company abandoned Aerial altogether. As things stood, the arguments and finger-pointing were bound to con tinue, and the group would never come to a decision on its own.

Deception Point Page 46

Delta-One had now finished packing snow down the womans throat. Before turning his attention to the others, Delta-One unhooked the womans belay harness. He could reconnect it later, exactly at the moment, he did not want the two people behind the sled getting motifs ab knocked out(p) pulling his victim to safety.Michael Tolland had just witnessed a homicidal act more bizarre than his darkest foreland could imagine. Having cut Norah Mangor free, the three tryers were turning their attention to Corky.Ive got to do somethingCorky had come to and was moaning, trying to sit up, still mavin of the soldiers pushed him back down on his back, straddled him, and pinned Corkys arms to the ice by kneeling on them. Corky let out a cry of pain that was at present swallowed up by the raging wind.In a kind of demented terror, Tolland tore through the scattered contents of the overturned sled. There must be something here A weapon Something All he saw was diagnostic ice gear, most of it smashe d beyond recognition by the ice pellets. Beside him, Rachel groggily well-tried to sit up, using her ice ax to prop herself up. Run Mike Tolland eyed the ax that was strapped to Rachels wrist. It could be a weapon. Sort of. Tolland wondered what his chances were attacking three build up men with a tiny ax.Suicide.As Rachel rolled and sat up, Tolland spied something behind her. A bulky vinyl base of operations. Praying against fate that it contained a flare gun or radio, he clambered past her and grabbed the bag. Inside he found a large, neatly folded sheet of Mylar fabric. Worthless. Tolland had something similar on his research ship. It was a small weather balloon, designed to carry payloads of observational weather gear not much heavier than a personal computer. Norahs balloon would be no help here, particularly without a helium tank.With the growing sounds of Corkys struggle, Tolland felt a helpless sensation he had not felt in years. Total despair. Total loss. kindred the cl iche of ones life passing game before ones eyes before death, Tollands mind flashed unexpectedly through long forgotten childhood images. For an instant he was sailing in San Pedro, learning the outmoded sailors pastime of spinnaker-flying-hanging on a knotted rope, suspended over the ocean, plunging laughing into the water, rising and falling like a kid hanging on a belfry rope, his fate determined by a billowing spinnaker sail and the whim of the ocean breeze.Tollands eyes instantly snapped back to the Mylar balloon in his hand, realizing that his mind had not been surrendering, but rather it had been trying to remind him of a solution Spinnaker flying.Corky was still struggling against his captor as Tolland pulled open the protective bag around the balloon. Tolland had no illusions that this plan was anything other than a long shot, but he knew remaining here was certain death for all of them. He clutched the folded galvanic pile of Mylar. The payload clip warned CAUTION NOT F OR USE IN WINDS OVER 10 KNOTS.The hell with that Gripping it hard to keep it from unfurling, Tolland clambered over to Rachel, who was propped on her side. He could see the confusion in her eyes as he nestled close, yelling, Hold thisTolland handed Rachel the folded pad of fabric and then used his free work force to slip the balloons payload clasp through one of the carabiners on his harness. Then, rolling on his side, he slipped the clasp through one of Rachels carabiners as well.Tolland and Rachel were now one. united at the hip.From between them, the loose tether trailed off across the snow to the struggling Corky and ten yards farther to the empty clip beside Norah Mangor.Norah is already gone, Tolland told himself. goose egg you can do.The attackers were crouched over Corkys writhing body now, packing a handful of snow, and preparing to stuff it down Corkys throat. Tolland knew they were almost out of time.Tolland grabbed the folded balloon from Rachel. The fabric was as agi lity as tissue paper-and virtually indestructible. Here goes nothing. Hold onMike? Rachel said. What-Tolland hurled the pad of wadded Mylar into the air over their heads. The howling wind snatched it up and spread it out like a parachute in a hurricane. The sheath filled instantly, billowing open with a loud snap.Tolland felt a wrenching yank on his harness, and he knew in an instant he had grossly underestimated the power of the katabatic wind. Within a fraction of a second, he and Rachel were half airborne, organism dragged down the glacier. A moment later, Tolland felt a jerk as his tether drew taut on Corky Marlinson. Twenty yards back, his terrified trembler was yanked out from under his stunned attackers, sending one of them tumbling backward. Corky let out a blood-curdling scream as he too accelerate across the ice, barely missing the overturned sled, then fishtailing inward. A second rope trailed limp beside Corky the rope that had been connected to Norah Mangor.Nothing you can do, Tolland told himself.Like a tangled mass of human marionettes, the three bodies skimmed down the glacier. Ice pellets went sailing by, but Tolland knew the attackers had missed their chance. Behind him, the white-clad soldiers faded away, shrinking to lighted specks in the glow of the flares.Tolland now felt the ice ripping beneath his padded suit with relentless acceleration, and the relief at having escaped faded fast. less(prenominal) than two miles directly ahead of them, the Milne Ice Shelf came to an abrupt end at a precipitous cliff-and beyond it a hundred-foot drop to the lethal pound sign surf of the Arctic Ocean.52Marjorie Tench was smiling as she made her way downstairs toward the White House Communications Office, the computerized broadcast facility that disseminated mash releases formulated upstairs in the Communications Bullpen. The meeting with Gabrielle Ashe had gone well. Whether or not Gabrielle was scared enough to turn over an affidavit admitting the affair was uncertain, but it sure as hell was worth a try.Gabrielle would be smart to bail out on him, Tench thought. The poor girl had no idea just how hard Sexton was about to fall.In a few hours, the Presidents meteoric press conference was going to cut Sexton down at the knees. That was in the bank. Gabrielle Ashe, if she cooperated, would be the death blow that sent Sexton crawling off in shame. In the morning, Tench could release Gabrielles affidavit to the press along with footage of Sexton denying it.One-two punch.After all, politics was not just about winning the election, it was about winning decisively-having the momentum to carry out ones vision. Historically, any president who squeaked into daub on a narrow margin accomplished much less he was weakened right out of the gate, and Congress never seemed to let him freeze it.Ideally, the destruction of Senator Sextons campaign would be comprehensive-a two-pronged attack sacking both(prenominal) his politics and his ethic s. This strategy, known in Washington as the high-low, was stolen from the art of military warfare. Force the oppositeness to battle on two fronts. When a candidate possessed a piece of negative information about his opponent, he often waited until he had a second piece and went public with both simultaneously. A double-edged attack was always more effective than a single shot, particularly when the dual attack incorporated separate aspects of his campaign-the first against his politics, the second against his character. Rebuttal of a political attack took logic, while rebuttal of a character attack took passion disputing both simultaneously was an almost impossible balancing act.Tonight, Senator Sexton would find himself scrambling to extract himself from the political nightmare of an astounding NASA triumph, and yet his plight would deepen considerably if he were forced to defend his NASA position while being called a liar by a prominent female member of his staff.

Nonverbal Essay

223 S. 2nd Street Sunbury, Pa. 17801 The date TITLE OF YOUR ESSAY On February 24, 2010 my supervisor, Roy Love and I had a 45 polished Meeting concerning a few of the problems, which I feel was a bad Reflection of our ability to perform what was required of us at Congra. I matte the problem of fellow co-worker taking too much Time off, which was putting too much burden on the rest of the Of my co -workers. We similarly discussed the problem of a fellow Co-worker Performing the duties require in his task assignment. Mr. Love and I We have worked together for about 1 year.I entangle I knew him well enough to Know he was a fair man and did his job in a profession standard. When Mr. Love and I was run out I got myself not making direct Eye contact, while I was constantly rocking back and forward. I feel uncomfortable about talking about fellow co-workers I feel it wrong to talk behind the backs of my fellow workers. During our meeting I mat up my tone of voice I felt my toner of v oice getting louder when I was upset. Considering the meeting I Should not felt this direction because it infract to get your opinions Out in the open, so things ca gets resolved.When things go Unresolved there becomes a lack of communication, which Causes a lot angry displayed to the other co-worker. Then The company which contacted to perform this service in their Plant feels maybe they made a mistake hiring his cleaning This cleaning crew because they were living up to Congas standards. During the course of the meeting we ask matt to voice in the In this meeting. Mr. Love explains to him why he was asking to join the meeting. Mr. Love Explain the problem I was having with his absenteeism and his poor Job performs.I felt uncomfortable in talking with Matt because he Was a young man who did not take critizing lightly? He showed His angry in the way he stood and his express on his face. After the Meeting he did not talk to me the rest of the night. I discovered that I had a leas t 3 bad nonverbal listening habit, This asked a great deal of improvement. I need to learn a lot Move how to improve my shopping centre contact skills. My posture needs a Great deal of improvement and try to go into a meeting with a Calmer altitude and I need to learn that he only my supervisor And he will not judge me for my opionions.When there is a problem Not be afraid to talk to him one on one. He appreciate my open and Honest concerning these problems and hope to get them resolved Quickly. My reaction to what I have learn during this meeting was I Need to stop and think before I enter a meeting in the way I Approach the person I am going to talk with and that what your Body language, gestures, eye contact and tone of voice is what The listener sees first of all. I feel I have a better understanding What other see and I plan to improve that in the future..

1970 Jsu Shooting

Destiny Bowie Instructor C. Liegh McInnis English 105-11 September 29, 2012 Understanding the Causes of the 1970 capital of Mississippi College Shooting The 1970 Jackson College shooting occurred May 14, 1970. There were many different formulations that lead to the shooting. There was a lot of tension between the snow-covered motorist and the JSC students everywhere lynch Street. Another aspect that contributed to the Jackson College shooting was the development of JSC into a major institution with programs equal to that those offered at white institutions.The last aspect was that police over reaction or poor reaction to an event that had nothing to do with JSC. If society researched and discovered the real primer coats behind the JSC shooting theyll see how much of a big incident JSC has overcome as a whole. The tensions on the way Lynch Street ran right into the heart of the University was a very large aspect that led to the shooting. With Lynch Street being the only way to ge t from one city in Mississippi to another it caused great risks to the JSC students.The main hatful driving up and down Lynch Street were white motorist and it caused a lot of tension between them and the African American students that attended JSC callable to the fact that they were at an all-time high of tension and activity in America. The African American students eventually got tired of being dis celebrateed on their college campus by white motorist so they decided to take matters into their own hands and stood their ground for the street to be unlikable.If society understood how important it is to have a closed college campus and understand the risks of having an open campus we could prevent incidents like this from occurring again. When Dr. Peoples became the president of JSC his dream was to develop JSC into a urban and metropolitan university and he made steps to make it such. Dr. Peoples allowed the students of JSC to assistant themselves with other students from diffe rent schools who took part in the civil rights activity.The board of education didnt take this lightly, Dr. Peoples began to become a thorn in their side and that fazed them. Dr. Peoples didnt allow the media to attend JSC meeting and this made the College Board feel as if Dr. Peoples wanted to run JSC on his own. If society understood and researched this information well be able to benefit greatly because well start realizing what a tight hold authorities tried to have not just on the students, but on the people who ran the school as well.As a whole society will possibly start becoming more involved with the things that take place in colleges. The police were called to an area about a mile from Jackson College on the night of May 14, 1970 to stop a disturbance between some topical anaesthetic African American youth and city workers. After this event, rather than return to their stations, the police along with other law enforcement marched toward JSC where nothing was happening.Thi s information indicates that the police was laborious to get a strong hold on the students who attended JSC and wanted to let them know they couldnt be protected anywhere. If society learned what genuinely happened before and during the Jackson State shooting, more people will try to do better and treat each other with more respect. The main reason people are getting killed is due to the fact we have no respect for one another. If more people treated one another would respect we possibly wouldnt have so much violence as it is.Everybody is just trying to get the respect they deserve and their starting to feel as if violence and making a name for themselves is the only way to get respect. The Jackson College shooting must be studied as a major historical occurrence. Additionally, society could benefit greatly if more people learned more about what happened that night. More people will began to appreciate what todays generation is not forced to endure by understanding what their ance stors were forced to endure for the current generation to be able to do what they are doing now.The clench and understanding of what put ancestors went through so we could fulfill our dreams and win our education would make our generation want to do better. Itll make this generation want to further their education because well start appreciating what they did and what they went through for us they didnt do it for themselves they did it for the generations after them to be able to live freely.

Exploitation in Nigeria

Nigerias oil production reached 2. 1 million barrels per day in 2010. Nigeria is currently the sixth largest crude oil producer and it is the legislate oil producer in Africa. Similar to Bougainville Island, Nigeria is being exploited by many western countries and their multinational corporations because of their rich natural resource. Oil wasnt the commencement thing that was exploited in Nigeria in 1471 Portuguese traders landed near the Niger Delta, the southern tip of Nigeria, and started trading with the local king.The Portuguese travellers traded coral beads material imports from India European-manufactured articles, including tools and weapons and manillas (brass and bronze bracelets that were used as currency and also were melted down for objects dart) for slaves. Slavery was extremely abundant and the one the best source of income for many Nigerians. concealment wealth was measure by the size of your estate and the number of slaves. Because of the large number of slaves going through the ports of Nigeria, namely Badagry, many slaves were bought by many wet local Nigerians.Many slaves were also sold to America in the transatlantic slave trade where slaves were captured in Africa and sent to America to work on plantations and as servants in return for manufactured goods from developed European countries. Western countries exploited many countries in Africa, including Nigeria, for the abundant supply of slaves. These slaves were extremely useful for slave excavate and as servants because of the low cost and the inhumane living conditions they could put them in.For hundreds of years, the people of Africa, including Nigeria, were exploited for slaves. In 1938 the Nigerian government at that time granted Shell, a multinational oil company, a concession to explore and drill for oil in Nigeria. For almost two decades, Shell didnt take any natural action in Nigeria but in 1938, Shell surveyed the area near the Niger Delta and eventually found lots of ext remely rich and abundant crude oil deposits.

Comparision of Charecters in the Poisonwood Bible and the Mosquito Coast

Comparison of characters from The Poisonwood Bible and The Mosquito Coast The Mosquito Coast, directed by Peter Weir, is a movie quite a similar in many aspects to the book The Poisonwood Bible, written by Barbara Kingsolver, one of those aspects being the similarities between the setting and the characters. In both books, the figure-head of the family, Allie dun (in The Mosquito Coast) and Nathan Price (from The Poisonwood Bible) both have similar characteristics, however, different approaches to their ideas.For example, Nathan believes in forcing on his views and ways onto the Congolese people, however, Allie believes in cooperation with them to succeed in his goals. Both also come along incredibly realistic as they front like determined men who are willing to get to their goals at the beginning, however, they await somewhatwhat more(prenominal) intense when they loose something that is close, and become obsessed with their goals, forgetting the eudaimonia of their own fa milies. Both stories are about twain families who leave America, their home country, to go to a foreign land.The two heads, however, leave for very different reasons, but they do somewhat leave their families with no choice but to go with them. In The Mosquito Coast, Allie takes his family to the Central American rainwater forests as a means to escape America and its fate with the Atomic Bombs. Allie also believes that his scientific research is not of any value in America, and believes that his inventions would be more valued if they where taken into areas that have barely been touched by civilization. Nathan, however, leaves his family with no choice when he says that they are moving to the Congo as part of his missionary work.He was actually offered this job, and took it in good stride, believing that he should take his message to places which are less civilized. Nathan Price is a Baptist parson who lives his life by the Bible. He believes that he is a coward for having escap ed the fate of being killed in the Battaan Death March, where his whole team died, but he survive due(p) to earlier injuries. After that incident, Nathan became quite obsessed with the idea of God hating him for his cowardice. He vowed never to be a coward again and devoted his life to saving as many souls as he could.Nathan becomes so obsessed with his work that he believed that every obstacle in his way was a test by God to see his resilience. Allie, on the other hand, is an inventor, so claimed by his son, Charlie. He seems to be obsessed, yet thinks quite morally. Allie believes that America is dying, so he decides to leave as he thinks it is too painful for him to regulate something he loves die. He gave the example of his mother, who was in hospital when she say Why dont you just give me rat poison? , whereupon Allie said that he left, as he could not bear watch loosing someone close.Both Nathan and Allie share the same obsession of getting to their goals. So much so, in f act, that they forget about their families well-being and safety almost completely. Even when There is a sudden turn of events, they seem undeterred by what they call their destiny. Nathan was unmoved by the death of Ruth-May as he sees the rain as an opportunity to baptize the locals, instead of mourn for his daughters loss. Nathan blames the fact that Ruth-May was not actually baptized, hence making her death somewhat acceptable to him.Allie believes the devastation of his machine was somewhat supported by Reverend Spellgood. Allie seems to be a very non-religious person, however, he does know the quotes of the Bible. This shows that Allie explores a few possibilities, yet he all decides to expand on those that he likes. In that manner, Nathan is somewhat unwise in his approach to chuming the people. He decides, as soon as he arrives at his house in Kilanga, to set up an American Garden, whereby he will make food for his family as well as show the the people of Kilanga his p rosperity just because he does not worship false idols.Nathan attempts to almost force his ways and ideas onto the Congolese people. He seems unbent on his determination to show no cowardice, yet he does not seem willing to accept other ideas. At a point, he does see that Mama Tatabas technique to plant his beans seem to be more appropriate, and does actually implant those ideas. As time passes by, and he sees not much crowd in the Church, he slightly looses his mind and thence decides that all his obstacles where placed by God to deter him and to test him.This is very contrary to what Allie does at the beginning of the movie. Although he may have moved from the regular army and dragged his family along, he decides to take a different approach into making his way into the locals hearts. Where Nathan attempted to force his ways onto the locals and believed that he was superior, Allie decided to work with them. He said before the project began If I dont work hard enough, you tell me. I am not your boss, I am your friend, and I want to work for you .He may have planned out the project, but he certainly did work as though he were under instructions to do what he was told. He seemed very cooperative, and whenever Mother Fox got any materials to share, she enhanced her husbands popularity by sharing those goods, for example the cloth she was given by the missionaries. She made clothes for her daughters and detect that Mr. Haddy, a local, was eying the cloth, she decided to make one for him. In the next scene, it shows that everyone on that small island was wearing the same yellow piece of cloth in some shape of form.Had Nathan been in this situation, he would probably have told his wife of for giving away their resources to the unsaved souls, yet he might also see it as a tactical move to make them go to Church. Allie took this in stride and made the most out of the peoples gratitude towards their family by still making them work hard. Nathan and Allie both seem ve ry lifelike characters in their own environments and also in the real world, they could be anywhere amongst us. Their obsessive and arrogant attitudes can be seen in quite a few people who seem quite determined to get what they want.Nathan seems very lifelike and rationale at the beginning, where the image of a determined Baptist Minister is portrayed. As the story progresses, that image becomes a haze and a more arrogant and devoted trait comes to light, towards the end, he seems possessed by his work, whereupon he forgets the eudaimonia of his own family, remaining undeterred by the death of one of his own children. This, towards the end, seems slightly unrealistic and immoral. However, the presence of this possibility is definitely strong.Allie seems like a very outgoing and friendly person at the beginning, and this is completely believable. Many people use the same cover of saying that they are all equal in order to get work done. His depression also seems very lifelike as he seems to be completely shattered when he sees his beloved churl Machine blow up. Yet, towards the end, he does seem also obsessed with the idea of exploring new possibilities. He does go paranoid, thinking that his family is against him, so he forces them to sit on their home-turned-boat and decides to go upriver.When the rotor breaks away from the main engine, Allie goes underwater to get it. Due to his extended period underwater, his family worries and Charlie gets the idea of heading top downriver to get help from Mr. Haddy, and quite possibly also retrogress to America. As soon as this idea is shared, Allie comes up and realizes that his own kids are conspiring against him, and punishes them for it. This seems extreme, yet absolutely possible for a man who seems to be addicted to his goal. Not only do Nathan and Allie share similarities, but also their wives.Both Orleanna and Mother always seem to be play alongers their husbands orders, yet at a point, they both realize th at what they are doing is wrong. Towards the beginning, both wives are happy to see their husbands working outside, Nathan in the garden and Allie in the jungle clearing space for his house. Orleanna seems to realize quicker on in the story that Nathan could potentially get them hurt, and decides to speak up. This, comparing to Mothers timing, seemed quite early. This could very likely due to the fact that Nathan seems uninterested in his family and Allie cares a lot about them.Mother only decides to go against Allie when they reach the Ocean and the whole family is rejoicing with the thoughts of returning to America, when Allie destroys their exuberance by saying that America isnt there and that they werent going back. This made Mother question Nathans morality, whereupon the lack of enthusiasm spreads across the whole family. Allie goes from being a friend to a leader almost spontaneously. Orleanna starts to make plans of escape immediately after she gets better from hearing the news of the Congo going into an election period and that her family was staying through it, due to her husbands arrogance.She does eventually leave him, however, Nathan changes slightly in a way one may perceive apologetic. Allie, after burning Reverend Spellgoods church bell, goes back to see his family leaving him, and says that they couldnt live without them. When he gets shot, their family escapes with his injured body on the boat. All the characters in both the book and the movie seem incredibly lifelike as the stereotypical family is put into extreme conditions. This causes the stereotypical families, which generally include of the male being the leader f the house, the bread earner, and the females being the followers, commanding her children to follow her father and herself. This changes very quickly when the two families go through some trouble in their respective environments, causing the males to get angrier and the females to look out for the welfare of her children mo re than anything. Both men forget about the opinion of their families (Nathan, ofcourse, not caring about their opinion anyways), and seem set on doing everything possible, except return to the life of luxury.

Nigeria Labour Congress Demand for the Review of the National Minimum Wage and General Wage Review

Today, Nigerians who are lucky to have jobs are go backing it change magnitudely difficult, if not impossible, to survive on their monthly pay. The major reason for this is that the pay of the Nigerian player is not entirely one of the lowest in the world it has also not improved as it should in the face of changes in market conditions. Workers in the public sector are particularly worse off.As huge revenues have continued to be acquired from the lying-in of workers, the pay and conditions of workers have continued to deteriorate workers have increasingly been excluded from the wealth created by their labour. In Nigeria, the difference in pay amid managers and workers is not only one of the highest in the world out of every N1 paid as pursues, managers collect more than 80 kobo while workers receieve less than 20 kobo the difference has been increasing oer the years.At the same time, owners and managers of banks, top establishment officials and members of the political class have seen their pay and wealth swell ostronomically while workers have had to survive on starving hires. Workers can no longer survive on what they earn the situation is made worse by the fact that those who work also have to reserve family members who form part of the huge army of the unemployed. It has become crystal clear that there is an urgent need for an upward brushup of the national stripped-down wage and an upward commonplace analyze of wages and salaries.History of wage analyzes fought by workers This is not the first time that workers would be asking for a general upward review of wages and an enlarge in the National nominal Wage. Between 1945 when workers staged the famous 45 days general strike for a Cost of support Allowance (COLA) and 2007, when the demand won by workers for a 25% general wage through the Ernest Shonekan Wage Consolidation Committee was arbitrarily cut luck down to 15% by Obasanjo, workers have struggled at 15 times to have wages improve d and a national token(prenominal) wage legislated upon.But the struggles produced notable victories for workers and the NLC, it was unremarkably the case that the National Minimum Wage was constantly set below the minimum wage needed by workers to survive. Because of the inadequacy of the wage, some state governments elected on their own to pay more. Even then, there were also some 1 state governments that pay less than the stipulated national minimum wage. The result was that workers always could not cope. The wage reviews were largely unstructured sometimes negotiated wages were changed by government through circulars at other times, government effected unilateral wage increases.Agreements reached with government were sometimes distorted at implementation or not implemented at all by government. For example, the 2000 Wage Review Agreement provided for a further 25per cent wage increase for workers with effect from May 1, 2001, and 15 per cent wage increase with effect from May 1, 2002. This was not implemented. Following industrial dispute over this a 121/2 percent increase rather than the 35 per cent agreement in 2000, was signed in 2003. But in the end, only an increase of between 4 and 12 1/2 per cent was implemented by the Federal Government.Although the Shonekan Committee was set up against this context and recommended a 25% increase in salaries, Obasanjo unilaterally implemented a 15% increase in 2007. Government also failed to abide by the timeframes set out for subsequent negotiations with workers. Workers always had to fight to get government to agree to collective bargaining even when the procedure was agreed in previous negotiations. Today, workers find that they have to fight yet again to get government to agree to negotiate a sensitive(a) National Minimum Wage and a general upward review of wages.Rationale for Upward Wage Review today There are several reasons why there must be an upward review of workers wages today. The consequence of t he abdication of the agreed approach to the implementation of the phased-wage increases has been that wages and salaries are today sharply depressed and incapable of meeting the basic need of most workers. In the last one year, inflation has intensified with the cost of musical accompaniment index in the urban sector increasing by over 14 per cent. The disproportionate increase (20. 9 percent) in the cost of food means that the erosion in the real wages and salaries of workers is alarmingly severe.The process of monetizing and consolidating in-kind benefits which were even not taxed has resulted in an escalation of the tax paid by workers. This has further depressed the real take home pay of workers. 2 All over the world, hire increase in the public sector is underlined by the principle of equity and the need to bridge social inequality in the face of widening economical and social gaps amongst citizens of a country. In Nigeria, while workers salaries increased by 15 percent b etween 2006 and 2007, those of political office holders increased by over 800 percent.The 2008 increase in the compensation of political office holders has further aggravated the disparity (Table 1). On average, their compensation package has been doubled. We need to reduce this disparity for greater equity, ampleness and morale. TABLE 1 Salaries of Political Office Holders (Pre and Post Consolidation) S/N Categories 1 Special Assistant to the chairwoman Chief Speech Writer to the chairwoman Chief Press Secretary to the President Members, syndicate of Representatives Deputy Chief of Staff TTP Senior Special Assistant, TTP. Ministers of State Senators Principal Officers of the House of Representatives Special advisers TTP.Deputy Speaker, House of Representatives Minister Secretary to the Government of the Federation, Head of polite Service of the Federation, Chief of Staff TTP National Security Adviser Chief Economic Adviser inspector General of Police Chairmen, Federal Civil Ser vice Commission, Federal Character Commission, National Salaries, Incomes, & Wages Commission, Revenue Mobilization Allocation & Fiscal Commission. Deputy President of the Senate referees of the Supreme Court President, Court of Appeal. Speaker of the House of Representatives. HASS (Basic) 626,700 865,200 CONSS* 4,392,012 13,102,402 3 4 1,015,700 13,374,240 1,194,600 15,094,426 5 6 7 1,403,700 15,240,500 1,649,400 16,348,926 Vice-President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1,938,000 21,524,164 President of the Senate Chief Justice of Nigeria . 8 President, Commander-in-Chief of the Armed 2,506,000 24,954,405 Forces of Nigeria . *Source National Salaries, Incomes and Wages Commission and Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Commission, Abuja 3 In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), Nigeria ought to be paying one of the highest minimum wages, given its resources and level of development.The reality, however, is that the existing minimum wage in Nigeria is one of the lowest in Africa. T able 2 presents the data for Sub-Saharan Africa. The data in the table takes adequate account of the need to adjust the wages to differences in the cost of financial backing or what is called the Purchasing source Parity (PPP). Table 2 Minimum Annual Wage Levels in African Countries ($USD) Country Minimum Special Notes PPP PPP-Based Wage Factor Minimum Wage Angola 1511 1. 975 2984. 23 Botswana 3011 2. 106 6341. 17 DRC 468 2. 077 972. 04 Kenya 948 2. 534 2402. 3 Lesotho 1080 For Manufacturing 1. 847 1994. 76 Madagascar 336 3. 107 1043. 95 Malawi 407 3 1221. 00 Mozambique 1177 2. 129 2505. 83 Nigeria 550 2. 274 1250. 70 South Africa 2780 Farm Minimum 1. 651 4589. 78 Wage $975 Swaziland 1369 1. 958 2680. 50 Tanzania 1680 2. 8 4704. 00 Zambia 1147 1. 81 2076. 07 Average 1266 2674. 33 The current national minimum wage of N7,500 is far below the minimum cost of providing basic needs for the worker and his / her immediate family. Our survey shows that today the minimum cost of providing for basic needs is N58,200 (Table 2).This estimate is based on threshold hardship levels in which 6 or 8 people may be forced to live in one or two rooms and endure a dietary and living style that is most rudimentary. Additionally, it should be noted that N18,000 is allegedly spent on the feeding of one prison inmate monthly, while the estimate here is only N20,000 for the feeding of a family of 6 per month. 4 An examination of the cost of living since the enactment of the National Minimum Wage Act 2000 shows clearly that the cost of living index has risen so much that the real value of the minimum wage set by the law has virtually been wiped out.Employing published data on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) from 2000 till July 2008, and taking into account developments in the overall economy and compensation adjustments since 2000, the minimum wage of workers in 2008 can be computed. This figuring shows that in real terms, the minimum wage of workers would have to be adjusted upward s by a minimum factor of 4 in aver to maintain the relative position of the least paid worker in the national compensation structure established in 2000.Thus, the appropriate amount necessitate in 2008 to maintain the real value of the National Minimum Wage set in 2000 would be (N11,213. 52 x 4=N44,856). Table 2 Estimated Monthly Cost of Meeting Basic Needs for a Representative Family * Item Accommodation Utilities a. Electricity b. Water c. Kerosene d. Communication Food apparel Medical Education Cleaners, Soap and Detergents Entertainment, Recreation Communication Miscellaneous Total Cost (N) 6,000 1,000 500 4,000 2,000 20,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 1,300 and 1,000 1,500 N58,500Our Demands Based on the foregoing Congress demands (i) A new National Minimum Wage of N52,200. This is the approximate average of the minimum wages when we take into consideration Minimum Annual Wage Levels in African Countries, the minimum cost of providing basic needs for the worker and his / her immediate family and the cost of living data. 5 (ii) that the Federal Government sets up a three-way committee as a matter of urgency to negotiate and agree on this, so that the National Minimum Wage Act 2000 can be amended to job the new amount.It is instructive to note that current negotiations on fixing a minimum wage for Ghana has recently reached preliminary agreement within the tripartite framework to adopt the basic needs approach in computing the minimum wage. (iii) an amendment to the Act to the effect that the National Minimum Wage law should prevail to any establishment employing 20 or more workers, instead of the 50 workers currently stipulated by law. (iv) a general wage review there is an urgent need to commence negotiations in some(prenominal) the public and private sectors so as to agree on new compensation packages. v) a wage review in the public sector based on the minimum wage computed above. Currently, the least salary in the Civil Service under the Consolidated Civil Service Salary Structure is N133,564 per annum or N11,130 per month. The new salary structure recommended by the Congress is based on the least salary of N52,200 per month or N626,400 per annum, which is the proposed new national minimum wage. The new Consolidated Salary Structure would then be constructed so as to maintain the existing relativities in the salary structure.Sustainability and Affordability of NLCs Demands Is the minimum wage proposed by the NLC reasonable, sustainable and affordable? Can the nation pay the new national minimum wage? The answer to both and related questions is an overwhelming YES It is a resounding YES for the following reasons (i) An increase in the purchasing power and effective demand of workers will increase the demand for goods and service and translate into growth for the economy. The morale, and therefore, productivity of workers will be greatly enhanced by the wage review. ii) Nigeria earns enough revenues, even with the downward slide in ro ck oil prices, to be able to pay. The problem in Nigeria is massive corruption by members of the political and administrative elite and not lack of resources. To be sure, paying the new minimum wage will require that members of the political class cut their level of stealing of public funds. This will not be a expectant thing in fact, it will be good for the economy. (iii) If the economy can concord the huge sums spent on political office holders, it can accommodate a general upward review of wages and a national minimum wage as proposed.In any case, more resources should be devoted to the productive workers in any economy. Apart from political office holders, the profits declared in most areas of the private sector, continue to be massive. Even sectors which are espial their operations continue to declare huge profits. Therefore, the public and private sectors of the economy are capable of paying higher wages. 6 Framework Proposed for the Negotiations The national minimum wage n egotiations should be carried out within the tripartite framework, with workers, NECA and government represented.The emerging agreement from this negotiation should then be forwarded to the National Assembly as a Draft Amendment to the National Minimum Wage Act, 2000. At the conclusion of the minimum wage negotiation, the public service wage review negotiation should commence between labour and representatives of government, both Federal and States. Private sector negotiations should susequently take place within the existing sectoral framework of collective bargaining. On the general wages review, we tender to call on government to adopt the framework of collective bargaining, with representatives of all public sector employers, whetherFederal or State Governments, as employers, not as governments. culmination Congress makes these demands with great patriotism, sensitivity and responsibility. Congress holds that collective bargaining and negotiations with trade unions are sacrosa nct and in consonance with the spirit of democracy. Congress calls on government to set up the necessary structures for the negotiations without further delay. To delay negotiations will further compound the living conditions of workers of Nigeria in the face of the alarming mass poverty already destroying their lives. February 2009 7

Realization from the film Muriel’s Wedding

Muriels wedding is a tragic-comedy call for written and directed by P.J Hogan. This Australian film conveys various aspects related with change. The main concepts of change seen from this moving picture be change in perspective and in attitude within the persona, ensuing from the understanding of whom you are and how to get there. Muriels wedding reveals these concepts through Muriels discovery of herself, and realizing that real life still continue to possess diametric trials that needs be overcome in order to achieve real growth.Muriel Heslop, a hopeless romantic, weighty girl who lives in Porpoise Spit, Australia, with her parents and four siblings. Muriel lives her life in the fantasy world of Abba song and dreaming intimately getting married. She thinks that getting married is the best way for her to find the perfect happiness. Muriels case is not that positive. She has a low self-esteem and she looks herself as useless being. She lies, she steals and even tries to change her own identity, but in the end, she realize that all the things she had done would not give her the happiness her looking for.Muriel life in Porpoise Spit is miserable. Her family relationship to her family is quite undesirable. Bill Heslop, Muriels father, is a corrupt politician who is completely despicable man. He perpetually tries to impress people with his connection and still manage to find his time to degrade his family. His slogan You Cant wear Progress but he manages to stop the progress of everyone in his family, by labeling them as useless and embarrassment, draw off for Muriel.On the other side, Betty, Muriel mother, a painstakingly frightened woman who is treated by her children l and economize like a slave. Like Muriel, her mother was to a fault arrested for stealing. Betty looked to be very lonely and unattached to verity herself because she gets all the blame from Muriels father for Muriel stealing their money. Betty died, a speculated suicide, after Murie ls father wants to make believe a divorce to live with someone he is having an affair. Both Muriel and her mother appeared to have a peck in common as far as the ability to separate their selves from reality.Another major character in the film was Rhoda, an old friend of Muriel from school that she meets on the trip. They both to get along with severally other, then, Muriel realized that now she has more confident in herself and found someone who can call her a real friend. Rhoda has her own problem, she has a cancer and confined on a wheelchair and having her own crisis identity. Although Muriel and Rhoda are perpetually having fun, still Muriel is unhappy because she really thinks that getting married will give her the prefect happiness. So, with the help of Rhoda, Muriel change her identity by changing her name to Mariel.Then, eventually, she got married to an Olympic swimmer who only needs to have an Australian passport. Muriel think that she got the best option because she thinks that shes hitting a bird in one stone, vivification in her fantasy of being a bride and wife and at the same time getting money to pay her father back. This perception of Muriel is like a falsification of view that being a wife is all that she needs because her parents will also be happy, and at the same time, she can live her friend. but when Muriels mother died, she came into realization that everything sheve done really doesnt give her the happiness she is looking for. She also realized that she never loved her husband at all. She wants to stop lying. She dont want to Mariel any longer which she created when she was in Sydney. She ended up finding again her happiness in Sydney by helping her friend, Rhoda. She too helped her father realize the mistakes he had made with them. All these she did through discovering her identity (happiness). She no longer essential to be Mariel, Muriel found herself, Muriel. She was always there inside herself not knowing she was inside b ecause she was just too busy looking inside of her fantasy world.ReferenceEbert, Roger.Muriels Wedding.March,1995. http//rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19950317/REVIEWS/503170304/1023

Traumatic Shoulder Injury Rugby Union Health And Social Care Essay

Classified as a germinate athletics by m all athleticss sawboness the nature of Rugby Union consequences in comparatively extravagantly rate of traumatic anguishs comp ared to other athleticss ( Sundaram et. al 2010 ) . Epidemiologic Injury Incidence Rates ( IIR ) demonstrate that participants who get by at least 24hrs of athletics scope from 69-218 incidences per 1000hrs of drama, with more serious IIRs being recorded every pip frequently as 13.26-13.95/1000hrs ( McManus et al. 2004, Garraway et Al. 1995 ) . New Australian epidemiological research of a big cohort of 1475 rugby football participants across all degrees of competition ( School boy, amateur, academy, professional ) have found that 14-28 % of entire rugger hurts collect the focal ratio limb ( McManus et al 2008, Usman 2012 ) , specifically 66 % or an IIR of 13.12/1000hrs happening to the articulatio humeri articulation with hurts much(prenominal) as Anterior Dislocations and breaks ( Usman et al 2012 ) .These up per limb hurts have been associated with the longest clip out of drama, quantified as more than 4 matches/28days or more, in the Australian survey ( Usman et al 2012 ) . All of this information indicates that upper limb hurts have a truly laid-back prevalence in the athletics and are excessively rather enfeebling. In comparing to IIRs associated with rugger participants, the general population rates of Anterior disruption are every bit low as 1.7 % ( Boone 2010 ) .Considering this disparity in statistical happening between the 2 populations, the debilitating nature of this hurt to rugby participants and the fact that it is extremely likely to show in a injury puting I have chosen to concentrate the balance of this essay on Anterior Dislocations of the articulatio humeri.Anatomy and MechanismsPrior to discoursing the apparatus of hurt involved with this rugger associated pathology, it is of import to foremost specify what constitutes the normal anatomical constructions of the sho ulder articulation.Normal AnatomyThe shoulder articulation allows for the most extended scopes of doubtfulnesss ( ROM ) in the full organic structure, imputable chiefly to the construction of the GlenoHumeral Joint ( GHJ ) composite. This big freedom of motion depends on stableness of the joint to stay active and is achieved by the inactive and dynamic stabilizersInactive stabilizers include the glenoid research labrum which increases the otic contact country by up to 50 % , the extrinsic coracoacromial arch and intrinsic ligaments linking the humeral caput and the shoulder blade.Dynamic stabilizers include the rotator turnup musculuss known together with as SITS. Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor and Subscapularis.The GHJ and its associated constructions are innervated by the suprascapular, sidelong pecs and aliform nervousnesss. The two groups mentioned supra work in concurrence to maintain the humeral caput in close articulation with the glenoid pit and yield impo rtant stableness in order to supply a usually functioning articulation. ( Moore et al. 2009 )Mechanism of InjuryAs rugger is a hit athletics with several participants at high speed typically involved in any one incident, it is really difficult to determine one definite mechanism of hurt. When questioned participants are frequently throw on the inside informations of the mechanism, but it is reported that contact ( e.g. articulated lorry state of affairss ) is responsible for 70 % of GHJ hurts ( Usman et al 2012 ) with foul drama merely being responsible for 6 % ( C risqueton et al. 2012 ) .This is no surprise as tackling has been shown to be a major portion of the game with about 330 incidents per game ( Sundaram et al 2010 ) . Queerly nevertheless(prenominal) undertaking when measured with the usage of force tablets does non exercise a high plenty force to do hurt to the constructions in the shoulder. Usman et Al ( 2011 ) measured proper proficiency tackle forces utilizing domin ant and non-dominant shoulders both(prenominal) in the lab and on the field. The findings demonstrated that undertaking merely produced half the sum of force necessary to do traumatic h ramification to the shoulder. Therefore there is more elements to the mechanism of GHJ hurt than merely force via undertaking entirely.after surveies have made usage of picture analysis to reexamine a big base of GHJ hurts in order to point up a mechanism of hurt. It was found that there are three unadulterated go unders ( c. f. appendix I ) in which GHJ occurs in rugger The try-scorer diving and making with the work up flexed above 90ATackler Abducted arm driven behind the participant with a ensuing posterior forceDirect touch on Impact to shoulder from hit or land. Slightly flexed or impersonal with some internal rotary motion ( Crichton et al 2012 )The Try-scorer and tackler were the most common groups for labral and humeral caput hurts happening in Antereoinferior GHJ disruptions, as the ca put of the humerus is affected by a lever action from force transmitted through the arm in the wrong buns ( Crichton et al 2012 ) . This illustrates that it is non undertaking that is the cause of hurt but more so wrong technique during a tackle or in contact with the land. The beginning of this improper technique is likely to be due to tire happening during the game. Tackling was shown to be a fatiguing activity as less force was produced with each tackle repeat when measured ( Usman et al. 2011 ) Fatigue has at any rate been shown to h honest-to-goodness a negative consequence on an booster s propioception or joint place sense ( JPS ) . As fatigue assenting mechanoreceptors around the GHJ musculuss back tooth non accurately describe JPS. Consequently during contact the jock bequeath non hold their GHJ in the optimum place to absorb the force ensuing in hurt such as those described above from less effectual tackling ( Herrington 2008 and 2010, Sundaram et al 2010, Usman et al 2011 ) .Repetitive overloading of the inactive stabilizers through wrong undertaking technique can as well do incompetency of the GHJ taking to micro injury over clip and finally sprain/commotion of the joint ( Goldberg et al 2003 ) .Other hazard factors that have besides been shown to be lending factors include accomplishment, playing experience, equipment, old hurts, playing place and degree of competition ( Usman et al 2011 )PathoanatomyIn Antereoinferior GHJ dislocations the humeral caput is forced down through the lacking(p) inferior envelop and anteriorly due to the boney blocks of the acromial process, coracoid procedure and its tie ining ligament ensuing in a complete tear and rupture of the capsule in most instances. Equally good as the ligamentous capsule hurt there is besides associated harm to both soft tissue and bone ( doubting Thomas et al 2007 ) . With respects to soft tissue injury the most common pathoanatomy of soft tissue is a Bankart lesion ( Boone et al 20 10 ) . This is a withdrawal of the anteroinferior Labrum and Inferior GH ligament with a farther 50 % of these showing with associated break of the Anterior border of the glenoid pit ( Boone et al 2010 ) . Both of these occur when the humeral caput is forced out of the pit during disruption. If non treated decently, these lesions will take to a chronic dissymmetry in the accomplished shoulder, taking to recurrent disruptions as is seen in 21.5 % of incidences during the first lucifer after show to play ( Usman et al 2012 ) .Perennial disruptions are common in rugger due to a figure of factors such as early return to play, non-surgical treatment with stableness and other factors mentioned above in mechanisms. Recurrence causes the figure of constructions involved and the badness to increase dramatically.The figure of Anterioinferior labral lesions addition ( Doo-sup et al. , 2010 ) , Osseous Bankart lesions besides increase up to 56-86 % with perennial dislocators combined with a 67-100 % likeliness of besides keeping a Hill-Sachs break ( Boone et al. , 2010, Beran et al. , 2010 ) . Hills-Sachs lesions occur on the postereo-lateral caput of the humerus as it impacts on the glenoid pit.PresentationHistoryOn showing to A & A E the patient will more than probably describe one of the three scenarios above, saying that their arm was abducted and externally rotated at the clip of contact. They will besides describe to holding felt a faux pas and dead shoulder after the incident ( Goldberg et al. , 2003 ) . The other chief symptom showing with a disjointed shoulder are terrible hurting and reduced scope of gesture. The patient will besides keep their arm guarded in little abduction and external rotary motion.ExaminationExpression The patient will take in to hold really small ROM when discasing. The shoulder will look squared off with exit of deltoid contour.Feel The humeral caput is tangible anteriorly in the subcoracoid part.It is besides of import to co mpare bilaterally symmetrical radial pulsations to prescribe out vascular hurt and to prove the alar nervus in the regimental badge mark over the deltoid bilaterally.Move Active motion the patient is unable to fire Apley s abrasion trial, i.e. touch opposite shoulder, opposite shoulder blade, back of the cervix. In Passive motion the patient will defy abduction and internal rotary motion.Imagination This must be done to govern out differential diagnosings of clavicular or humeral breaks. A shoulder injury series should besides be order Pre and Post go down. An AP or alar X raies are the most suitable for Anterior disruptions. Post decrease movies are highly of import as 37.5 % of breaks such Hills-Sachs are seeable that would hold been missed Pre-reduction. ( Thomas et al. 2007 )Treatment and RecoverySuitable analgesia and musculus relaxants should be selected, nevertheless intra-articular injections of lignocaine have been associated with fewer complications and decreased co rsets than traditional IV opiate analgesia ( Wakai et al 2011 ) . The side by side(p) measure is to instantly cut down the shoulder, as a successful decrease is normally associated with a pronounced decrease in hurting. A clunk may be observed either palpably or audibly as the humeral caput re-enters the glenoid pit. Nerve map should be assessed anterior to and post-reduction over the regimental spot country of the shoulder. This is done to measure if the alar nervus was shamed during decrease of the joint. Afterwards the shoulder should so be immobilised ( Thomas et al 2007 ) .Post-reduction tends to mean the terminal of the A & A E mental faculty s engagement with the disruption before discharge nevertheless it must be considered if the patient require an orthopedic referral. In the presence of Bankart and Hills-Sachs lesions surgical intercession is frequently warranted as it is a cause of GHJ instability and a major hazard factor for return. In the bomber group of immature hit participants diligent consideration is needed when taking the right process. Open processs are frequently favoured due to a high return rate of 89 % with some arthroscopic operations in contact athletics jocks ( Boone et al 2010, Golberg et al 2003 ) .The unfastened Latarjet-Pette process demonstrates good consequences in some tests with no return and a full return to rugby in 65 % of patients ( Neyton et al 2012 ) . Recovery clip so consists of 4 hebdomads of immobilization in a sling with 0 grades external rotary motion, after which beef uping exercisings can be introduced ( Jolles et al 2004, Auffarth et al 2008, Boone et al 2010 ) .New inventionsRecent research in the orthopedic field has led to the usage of thrombocyte rich plasma ( PRP ) in the intervention of sinew, ligament and bone pathologies. The intervention involves utilizing an autologous blood dressed ore injected straight into the damaged tissue. The hypothesis is that the increased thrombocyte derived growing factors from the dressed ore will rush up the healing procedure. shortly there is non adequate grounds to back up this technique as there are really few RCTs with PRP usage on shoulders. Consequences are inconclusive as different concentrations of thrombocytes and different protocols have been apply across different surveies. However as the grounds base grows it may be a priceless clinical tool in the hereafter ( Ujash et al 2012, Hall et al 2009 )The usage of shoulder tablets in rugger has besides been investigated. When tackle forces with and without tablets were measured merely a non-significant decrease in force was observed. This leads to them exposing convertible rates of hurt with lone superficial tissues being protected ( Usman et al 2011 ) .Future research could hence be aimed at doing more effectual shoulder pads/straps that do non alter the authorization of the game as set by the IRB.CAT osteoabsorptiometry has besides been used to measure the chronic effects rugby im poses on the GHJ. This technique tracks mineral denseness measured in Haunsfield units over the glenoid fossa country. Rugby participants compared to the controls, have a Posteroinferior shifting in mineralisation which was observed with 40 % of rugby topics exhibiting an inferior boney glenoid lesion ( Kawasaki et al 2012 ) . These findings may be useful in testing persons to supply trim intervention in order to forestall chronic instability later in life every bit good as decelerating the patterned advance of degenerative arthritis.DecisionsIn drumhead ague anterior disruptions of the shoulder are rather common in rugby participants with rates greatly transcending those of the general population. The mechanism is besides really variable as surveies have demonstrated at least three common ways it can happen. Dislocation is besides seldom unsophisticated with both soft tissues and bone constructions involved as in the instance of Bankart and Hills-Sachs lesions, or even damage to the alar nervus doing deltoid palsy and loss of abduction. These factors combined with the particular consideration necessary for the sub-population of immature hit jocks, can greatly act upon intervention and must be taken into history for successful intervention of this traumatic event.Appendix( Crichton et al 2012 )

China Bank Internationalisation Project Essay

This approach to a run into is very similar to what happens regularly in the financial serve industry. A project has to be completed, a team is set up (usually with individuals of different skills with different backgrounds and from different countries) who then have to work unneurotic to complete the task. Managers then evaluate apiece team member in such a surgical process on the basis of the quality of the final joint work produced. Background Chinas deposits are trying to orthogonalise and your task is to help advise a Chinese lodge on how to do this.Bank of China, for example, has on its website its Strategic Goal and other banks have similar goals Strategic Goal Aiming at excellence, sustaining growth and building a first-class international bank. Strategic Positioning A large multinational banking sort focusing on commercial banking business and providing diversified services integrated both at home and abroad. Commercial banking focused diversification With comme rcial banking business as the core and foundation of the groups development, Bank of China allow for keep improving its brand popularity and core fight by expanding business network and customer base and nhancing product innovation. By taking advantage of the comparative competitiveness of diversified services for unified customers via unified channels under unified strategy and brand, it exit filter to develop various business lines such as investment banking, fund, insurance, investment and leasing so as to get to a synergistic effect on the diversified platform in the interest of comprehensive and sensitive financial services for customers. To provide a structure to this advice, you are required to write answers to each of the five-spot topics below (though you need non follow exactly the items in each).Each of the five sections should be not more than 500 words i. e. 2,500 words maximum for the whole project. This will also make it often easier to present each project in class i. e. to read out the paper in class. Also, it will help you understand the need to be concise. Most business papers have an Executive stocky at the front of a paper and in the case of this project, the executive summary is the actual paper. You will, of course, be likely to write more on your section in the first instance but you will then have to reduce it in size to make this summary the correct length.Although you may direct to allocate iodin section to each person in the group, it is VITAL that the quality of English (grammar, spelling), is luxuriously throughout. Thus one person who is good at English should check through the whole paper. Also, each section should use the same font and typesize. You should also ensure that each of you understands each of the 5 topics and is able-bodied to speak in class about any of them. I may choose any one of you to present and to explain your proposals. Project Chinas banks are trying to internationalise. You have been emp loyed as consultants to a well-known large Chinese bank.They have asked you to write a report for them as below Until now, we have been principally a domestic financial institution operating in mainland China. We expect that the favorableness of our existing domestic business may decline and that our balance sheet size will not increase as fast as before. We are therefore involveing trying to internationalise. We need to learn from Hesperian experience of internationalization and try to apply that experience (though modified for specific Chinese characteristics) to our own internationalisation project.Please prepare a report that will help us achieve our objectives. Having chosen your bank (one of the big four) set out a strategy that it business leader follow. You should start by looking at the banks latest annual report and accounts and any press references to internationalization of Chinese banks. close to topics that you big businessman cover are suggested below but the actual topics that you remember are relevant may be wider than this. You should also look at the experience of Western banks which have tried to become full-service i. e. international financial supermarkets. I.Examine balance sheet strength, current and future expected loan losses on existing domestic loans, current and future required Basel ratios and current price to book ratios of the bank or banks you have chosen and any other relevant information. You have to provide a summary of your chosen banks financial strengths and weakness relative to competitors. Consider any competitive advantages that Chinese banks might have in trying to internationalise in relation to any weaknesses of European or US banks at the present time in terms of funding availability, currency related issues, term of loans, restrictive ratios, ownership structure etc.II. Consider reasons why Chinese domestic banking is likely to be less(prenominal) profitable from 2012 onwards compared with previous year s (consider interest margins and loan write-offs and any other factors). Consider in which countries a bank might best open overseas operations, what commercial banking products and services might be cristaled and why. Consider products and services to be offered to Chinese companies doing business abroad and also local companies in the foreign market which may or may not do business with China.Give reasons why you think a Chinese bank could gain competitive advantage in these markets with the different types of customer they might attract. Also consider where you might put the international head office of such a bank and whether the senior management in a country should be natives of that country or expatriate managers from China. III. Chinese banks are currently principally commercial banks involved in lending, trade financing, foreign exchange services and leasing.Consider the other types of products and services, in particular investment banking and asset management services, that they might want to offer outside China and the advantages and possible drawbacks of trying to compete with US investment banks in such products. terminus with a recommendation on the scope of products the bank should offer. IV. If you recommend that your bank should go ahead with an internationalisation programme, advise it on the relative merits of a new start-up bank versus a policy of acquisition of local banks in the chosen markets. You might, for example, suggest that the bank acquire RBS from the UK government.V. Japanese commercial and investment banks have not been very successful in their internationalising efforts (see Chapter 27 of your textbook). Consider the economic, cultural and foreign branch/ subsidiary management, employee and presidency (and any other) issues that might have hindered their development. Consider how a Chinese banks may, or may not, be able to overcome these same difficulties. Citigroup has also proven not to be very successful. You should ex amine what its strategy was and why it collapsed (rescued by the US government) and why it is now downsizing and simplifying.RBS has also cut back its investment banking activities dramatically. You should consider why it has done this. Some articles from the FT that might be useful in this endeavour are included on Blackboard under Course Documents. However, it is important that you access other sources of information which may include private information that you have access to. You should give references where appropriate. Brian Scott-Quinn 1 . Bank of China, China spin Bank, Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, Agricultural Bank of China